Session 8. TECHNOLOGICAL APPRAISAL FROM THE INSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVE:

a) The concept of externalities over time, space, sector and species

b) Attributes of externalities

c) Ex-ante and ex-post transaction costs to internalize externalities

d) Options for private resource use

e) Options for common property resource management

f) Linkage between the private and CPR resources

g) Self-design institutions for resource management

Essential Reading:

1) Gupta, A.K., and Prakash Aseem, “On Internalization of Externalities, IIMA Working Paper
No.1126, August 1993.

2) Gupta, A.K 2001. Criteria and Indicators of Sustainability An Introduction in Criteria and indicators of sustainability:
A Natural Resource Perspective.Eds . Anil K. Gupta. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi.

Desirable reading:

3) Gupta, A. K. 1986. Socio Ecology of Stress: Why do common Property Resource Management Projects Fail?: A Case Study of Sheep and Pasture Development Project in Rajasthan, India -, in Proceedings of Common Property Research Conference, 1984, National Research Council, Washington, D.C. USA,, pp. 305-322.

4) Gupta, A. K. and Sinha, R. Criteria and indicators of sustainability: An Executive Summary.
Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi.